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1.
psycholinguistics
How the brain processes language, meaning. Comprehension.
2.
forensic linguistics
Language and the law (courtroom, arrest).
3.
sociolinguistics
Relationship between society and language: groups (class, gender, age) of people who share similar trait in language use.
4.
neurolinguistics
What specific parts of the brain do in interpreting language.
5.
historical linguistics
Traces history or evolution of something in a language, such as sound change, word order.
6.
anthropological linguistics
Study of interaction between language and culture. (Broad)
7.
stylistics
How language varies in specific speech situations.
8.
descriptive linguistics
Documents structure of particular language (phonology, morphology or syntax).
9.
syntax
Study of sentence structure, phrase structure.
10.
Applied Linguistics
Using linguistics: second language teaching, learning.
11.
computational linguistics
Use of computers to assist languages; teaching computers to understand speech.
12.
Speech versus Writing
Speech is primary, writing is secondary.
13.
linguistic typology
Classifying languages based on similar structural characters. Also seeing what occurs in all or most languages.
14.
phonetics
Physical production of sound, acoustics. Includes the physiology of mouth, pitch and intonation.
15.
Theoretical Linguistics
Broad; how language is structured.
16.
biology of language
Human versus animal communications; genes of language.
17.
semiotics
Study of signs & signaling, developed by Pierce and Saussure.
18.
semantics
What words and phrases (literally) mean.
19.
Morphology
How words are formed. Adding suffixes, prefixes, etc.
20.
pragmatics
What humans mean when they are using words.
21.
phonology
How sounds combine to form words. How position in a word affects the sound it is pronounced as.

1.	psycholinguistics	How the brain processes language, meaning. Comprehension.
2.	forensic linguistics	Language and the law (courtroom, arrest).
3.	sociolinguistics	Relationship between society and language: groups (class, gender, age) of people who share similar trait in language use.
4.	neurolinguistics	What specific parts of the brain do in interpreting language.
5.	historical linguistics	Traces history or evolution of something in a language, such as sound change, word order.
6.	anthropological linguistics	Study of interaction between language and culture. (Broad)
7.	stylistics	How language varies in specific speech situations.
8.	descriptive linguistics	Documents structure of particular language (phonology, morphology or syntax).
9.	syntax	Study of sentence structure, phrase structure.
10.	Applied Linguistics	Using linguistics: second language teaching, learning.
11.	computational linguistics	Use of computers to assist languages; teaching computers to understand speech.
12.	Speech versus Writing	Speech is primary, writing is secondary.
13.	linguistic typology	Classifying languages based on similar structural characters. Also seeing what occurs in all or most languages.
14.	phonetics	Physical production of sound, acoustics. Includes the physiology of mouth, pitch and intonation.
15.	Theoretical Linguistics	Broad; how language is structured.
16.	biology of language	Human versus animal communications; genes of language.
17.	semiotics	Study of signs & signaling, developed by Pierce and Saussure.
18.	semantics	What words and phrases (literally) mean.
19.	Morphology	How words are formed. Adding suffixes, prefixes, etc.
20.	pragmatics	What humans mean when they are using words.
21.	phonology	How sounds combine to form words. How position in a word affects the sound it is pronounced as.