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| 1. | purposive | Similar to communication-intentionalists. Consider the intents of the law maker when creating the law. | |
| 2. | lenity | If law is ambiguous (e.g. two appellate courts disagreed in the car title washing scheme), the defendant would get his side. | |
| 3. | Thurgood Marshall | Thought that the car title washing case was NOT ambiguous. Falsely made includes documents which contain falsified information. Because "falsely made" appeared with other words, it must mean this, otherwise the writers wouldn't have included so many synonyms (Grice - maxim of quantity). | |
| 4. | Antonin Scalia | Disagreed with O'Connor: said that the gun didn't count as being used, because the intent of the law maker was to refer to use as in the gun's intended use. How a word CAN be used versus how it is ordinarily used. Disagreed w/ Marshall. Falsely refers to the manner of making, not the thing itself. (e.g. inexpensively-made painting versus cheap painting). Says synonyms there to collectively describe forgery in general. | |
| 5. | statutory construction | A process of determining what a law means. | |
| 6. | textualist | Similar to formal semanticists - look into exactly what the words say and nothing more. | |
| 7. | Sandra Day O'Connor | Said that using a machine gun as barter counts as "using it" and the defendant gets the higher sentence. Disagreed w/ Marshall. | |
| 8. | falsely made | falsely - refers to the manner of the making, or the entire document? |