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| 1. | pop (stop) | Pressure of air behind a constriction, with a sudden release. Cause plosives. | |
| 2. | Human vs. Primate Language | HUMAN - Big vocab 10,000 to 100,000 - Open vocabulary. - Open reference to time/space. - Structured messages. PRIMATE - small vocab ~10 - Closed vocabulary. - Same across geography, normally refers to things NOW. - single items, no complexity. BOTH - identify speaker - express emotion | |
| 3. | hiss | A leaky escape of air. Causes fricatives. | |
| 4. | sonority | How resonant a sound is. Vowels are more sonorous, and are therefore in the middle of syllables. Plosives are least sonorous, and are beginning/end of syllables. Fricatives are middle of sonorous scale. | |
| 5. | syllable | A cycle of opening/closing the vocal tract. ONSET (the start of syllable) NUCLEUS (inside of syllable) | |
| 6. | laryngal buzz | Causes voiced/voiceless sounds. Oscillation of vocal cords in the larynx. | |
| 7. | phonemes | Little sounds/building blocks of sound (e.g. alphabet) that helps us put together sounds to form words. |